Oskar BARNACK who joined Ernst Leitz GmbH in 1911 is a key person when you talk about Leica. He made a small still camera, being able to bring anywhere.
Abstract: To amplify an input current present at the input of a circuit arrangement with a feedback-coupled operational amplifier, two virtually equal potentials are built up in two different current paths with a common summing point. By means of the potentials, a current flow is produced for each current path. The current flow in one current path is determined by the input current, and the current in the second current path determined by a suitable choice of the impedances on the first and second current paths. The current in the second current path is greater by a multiple than the current in the first current path. Abstract: A panoramic view apparatus comprising a tube, a lookout mirror supported in the tube and movable in elevation and azimuth, and a closure window that is at least bispectrally transparent. In the tube, at least three known types of different optical measuring and observation devices are arranged adjacent each other, and means are provided to guide the output and input radiation for these measuring and observation devices coaxially through the closure window. It is possible to superpose upon each other the images from measuring and observation devices operating through different physical effects.
Abstract: A transmitted light and/or incident light inverted microscope is described, which comprises a 'C'-shaped microscope basic body (G), the free opening (Of) of which is directed toward the observer (B). A particular construction feature is the preferably vertical disposition of the following microscope parts along the optical microscope axis (4)-from bottom to top-: Objective (1) - object (3) - condenser (2) - center (19a) of the binocular housing (5) (FIG. At the pure incident light inverted variant (FIG. 1c) the condenser (2) is dispensed with. The multiply bent imaging beam path runs through the inside of the basic body (G). According to an alternative solution the binocular housing (5) is disposed at the front face of the stand arm (A) directed toward the observer (B) (FIG.
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Abstract: An auditory ossicle prosthesis is described comprising a plate (1) with a groove (7) applied to its upper side and a shaft (2) eccentrically applied to its lower side. The prosthesis consists of a bioactive material and contains additionally at least in one partial area an insoluble bioinert material, which is applied mainly as a coating material in the form of an additive layer (S(+)) or a subtractive layer (S(-)). Suitable coating processes and substances are disclosed. If S(-) layers are applied, they may be exposed subsequently to a sealing and/or silanizing treatment. Abstract: For carrying out several mutually complementary microscopic examinations, beams of different types or frequencies, for example light beams or acoustic beams, are focused simultaneously or successively on an object and recorded or visibly displayed in a known manner. The object is maintained stationary and is scanned in a grid pattern in two mutually perpendicular directions by at least one of the beams.
A pillar arrangement is provided to receive different microscopic instruments which may be selectively pivoted by means of a rotary mounting plate into and out of a locked, exactly reproducible observation position. The instruments may be released for rotation out of the observation position independently of any vertical coarse-fine focusing displacement. Underneath a stationary object holder further microscopic instruments, such as an inverted optical microscope, may be mounted in such a manner that their height may be adjusted. Abstract: Disclosed is a carrying strap mounting for the releasable mounting of a terminal loop on a carrying strap on the mounting lug, for example, of binoculars by means of a flexible cord loop. The flexible cord loop is connected on one end directly with the mounting lug and at the other end is releasably connected with a single piece fastening element.
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The fastening element is hooked into the loop of the carrying strap and is secured with a locking slide. Both the cord loop and the fastening element preferably comprise a synthetic resin material. Abstract: Prosthesis for the partial or complete reconstruction of the rear auditory canal wall, with a hollow cylindrical sleeve shape (1), not closed, and having at least in its two base areas (9) and (10) differential expansions in the manner of a hyperboloid with a preferentially elliptic cross section. A bioactive substance is used as the material. The inner wall of the prosthesis has a positive or negative (spatial) coordinate grid (6, 7).
Selected partial surface areas (11, 12; 4) may be provided with an insoluble, bio-inert protective layer. The latter may consist of an additive protective layer (S(+)) or a substractive protective layer (S(-)).
Appropriate coating processes are cited for both of these variants. When S(-) layers are produced, these may be exposed to a subsequent sealing and/or silanizing treatment.
Abstract: A method for representing elastic parameters of object surfaces by scanning the object surface with a focused acoustic beam and detection of the interferences between the ultrasonic beams specularly reflected at the object surface and the ultrasonic beams emitted from the object surface after excitation of surface waves in which either two raster-shaped scannings of the object surface are carried out at different focus positions relative to the object surface or successive scannings are carried out with acoustic beams of different frequency. Reflection signals associated with identical raster points form a difference signal which is used for representing the image. Abstract: An automatic focusing apparatus for optical instruments, in particular for reflected light microscopes, wherein a measuring point is produced on the surface of an object by an eccentric measuring beam formed by blocking a portion of the path of a full beam. The measuring point is imaged onto a photoelectric device by reflecting the measuring beam along the blocked out path. When the object plane wanders from the focal plane, the photoelectric device actuates a control device which returns the object plane to the focal plane. The apparatus comprises a source of light to produce a, preferably pulsed, laser light for the full measuring beam, an optical structural element for geometrically blocking one-half of the full measuring beam to produce the eccentric measuring beam and simultaneously for geometrically blocking the reflected measuring beam from the path of the full measuring beam.
Abstract: The drive has a manual coarse/fine focusing device using a gear drive and additional fine focusing using a motor. The latter is effected through an eccentric cam, rotatingly supported in a guide plate and coupled with the motor. A ball bearing rigidly joined with the object holder and the microscope stage rests on the eccentric cam. During operation of the motor, only the ball bearing and, thus, the microscope stage are raised or lowered; the gear drive for manual focusing remains stationary. Abstract: A microscope condenser housing having an annular slit to receive filter slides, which during their insertion are arrested in two defined positions. A locking device effective against the outward motion of the filter slides and additionally locking the filter slides in at least one of the defined positions is provided.
Incorrect inverted insertion of the filter slides is also prevented. The locking by the locking device is readily released manually by means of a locking lever projecting from the condenser housing. Abstract: Disclosed is an adjusting device for a lens system having at least two optical elements displaceable parallel to the optical axis, the paths of displacement of which are subject to different courses of movement.
To produce linear displacement parallel to the optical axis, a tube is arranged in the adjusting ring, which is rotatable and displaceable parallel to the optical axis. This tube serves as the mount for an optical element and has in the wall of one of its ends a guide groove. A hollow cylinder, serving as the mount for the other optical element and being displaceably mounted in the tube, has a guide element mounted on its external wall which engages the guide groove. Means are provided to drivingly connect the adjusting ring and the hollow cylinder. Abstract: Active lens components are provided for transmitting to a corresponding photographic camera information from a photographic field lens which is transformed into electrical signals. These components transform the information into electrical signals, the properties of which are convertible. The signals are transmitted to an evaluating circuit in the camera either serially via a contacting device or according to a predetermined chronological sequence.
The evaluation circuit is provided with means by which the original information is gained back from the signals. The signals resulting from the recovery are fed to display means and/or to control arrangements for additional camera functions. The contact for the transfer of information is also employed as a power supply contact. Abstract: The camera includes a disengageable safety retaining catch for interchangeable lens objectives and an automatic focusing mechanism connected to a drive shaft for the transmission of rotary adjustment setting motions to the lens objective.
The drive shaft operationally engages the automatic focusing mechanism via a drive and is provided with a spring supported in the axial direction. The rear end of the drive shaft is guided in a fixed bearing bushing. The front end is supported in a connection flange on the camera body. The front end is formed as a claw or toothed coupling element protruding beyond the connection flange and engages a complementary coupling piece which is disposed in a connection base on the lens objective.
Abstract: The microtome has a specimen slide moved periodically by a drive shaft, and a blade bracket comprising a blade slide and a blade holder. A threaded spindle serves to advance the blade bracket and thus the blade. The blade is retracted from the specimen after each cutting process, independently of the advance of the blade slide.
For this purpose, the blade holder is merely tilted slightly by being raised around an axis, which forms an acute angle with the cutting edge of the blade. The blade holder is raised by a lever arrangement, coupled through a shaft and a pivot bearing with the drive shaft of the specimen slide.